Here is the correct matching of the words with their explanations based on the options provided:
a. lower house - 1. the State Duma
Explanation: The State Duma is known as the lower house of the Federal Assembly, which is the national legislature of the Russian Federation.
b. the head of state - 4. the President
Explanation: In many countries, including Russia, the head of state refers to the President, who is the chief public representative and has various official duties.
c. the Parliament of the Russian Federation - 5. the Federal Assembly
Explanation: The Federal Assembly is the official name for the national legislative body of Russia, comprising two chambers: the State Duma and the Federation Council.
d. a written proposal for a new law, which is before parliament - 3. a bill
Explanation: A bill is a draft of a proposed law that is presented to parliament for discussion and approval.
e. the standard unit of money in Russia - 6. the rouble
Explanation: The rouble is the official currency of Russia, used as the standard unit of money.
f. a set of pictures painted on a shield and used as the special sign of the state - 9. coat of arms
Explanation: A coat of arms is a distinctive heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to represent a state or family.
g. the chairman of the Government - 8. the Prime Minister
Explanation: In many governmental systems, the Prime Minister is the head of government, overseeing the operation of the government and its executive branch.
h. the main political party - 2. United Russia
Explanation: United Russia is considered the main political party in Russia, holding a significant number of seats in the State Duma and closely associated with the current government leadership.
i. the official song of a nation that is sung or played on public occasions - 10. the national anthem
Explanation: A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions, and struggles of a nation, played during official and public ceremonies.