The largest lake on the territory of Russia is Lake Baikal. Located in Siberia, it is not only the largest lake by surface area within Russia, but it also holds several other significant records that make it unique on a global scale.
Deepest Freshwater Lake: Lake Baikal is the deepest freshwater lake in the world, with a maximum depth of about 1,642 meters (5,387 feet). This immense depth contributes to its large volume of water.
Oldest Lake: It is considered the world's oldest lake, estimated to be around 25 to 30 million years old. This ancient origin has allowed a unique ecosystem to develop, with many species found nowhere else on Earth.
Largest by Volume: Lake Baikal contains about 20% of the world's unfrozen freshwater, which is more than all the Great Lakes of North America combined. Its volume is approximately 23,600 cubic kilometers (5,662 cubic miles).
Biodiversity: The lake is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna. Over 1,700 species of plants and animals live in the lake, two-thirds of which can be found nowhere else in the world. This includes the Baikal seal, or nerpa, the only freshwater seal species.
UNESCO World Heritage Site: Recognizing its global importance, Lake Baikal was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996.
Cultural and Historical Significance: The lake has significant cultural and historical importance for the local indigenous peoples and has been a vital site for various scientific studies and environmental conservation efforts.
Tourism and Economy: Lake Baikal is a major destination for both domestic and international tourists. It offers opportunities for eco-tourism, hiking, and water sports. The lake's pristine environment and natural beauty attract thousands of visitors each year, contributing to the local economy.
In summary, Lake Baikal is not only the largest lake in Russia by surface area but also holds a significant place in terms of depth, age, volume, biodiversity, and cultural importance, making it a natural wonder and a vital ecological asset for the world.